Molecular analysis of biological versus chronological age. A breakthrough of 2009 by 3 great scientists. An important discovery of medicine in the treatment of chronic diseases and in increasing life span. Telomere analysis. Telomere length changes throughout our lives. Telomere shortening is the primary cause of aging and the onset of age-related diseases. The shorter the telomeres, the more vulnerable the DNA becomes, thus increasing the chance of disease. The length of our telomeres is directly related to our biological age. Molecular control image Short telomeres correspond to older biological age, while longer telomeres correspond to younger biological age and consequently better health.